| Sport Coaching is the teaching of instruction of athletes by someone with knowledge of the skills required.The role of a coach in sport is extremely important. Very few athletes ever reach elite levels in their sports without an influential coach to help their development. |
体育训练是指具备所需的知识技能的教练对运动员进行教学或指导，体育教练这一角色非常重要。如果没有经验丰富的教练的帮助几乎没有运动员能够达到世界一流水平。 |
| While the main role of a coach is instruction,they provide support to athletes in other ways.A coach can also provide companionship and encouragement to overcome barriers. |
教练的主要职责就是进行指导，但他们也在其他的方面为运动员提供帮助。教练可以成为运动员的朋友鼓励他们克服困难。 |
| Part of the coaches role can also be to advise an athlete on what competitions they should attend and how often, in order to reach their highest potential. This means that coaches usually have a broad and deep knowledge of their sport. |
教练的工作是为运动员提供建议，即：他们应该参加哪些竞赛项目；间隔多长时间；如何最大程度的发挥他们的潜力。因此，教练必须具备丰富的体育知识。 |
Some coaches are called specialist coches. specialist coaches specialize in developing a particular aspect of an athlete's performance such as strength or flexibility. Their knowledge doesn't need to be so broad, but highly specific.
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有些教练被称为专业教练。他们精通于提高运动员某一方面的成绩。比如说力量或灵活性。他们的知识不一定很广泛，但必须够专业。 |
| The general role of a coach is to plan their athlete's training program and to instruct them on proper technique. |
教练大部分的工作是为他们的运动员制定训练计划，在技术方面进行指导。 |
| The training program might include light, medium and heavy phases that vary the workload A light phase means a low workload of mostly lower intensity training like jogging, drills and light weights. This is used for recovery from harder training phases,injuries or in the lead up to major events. |
这些项目包括轻度、中度和高强度三种。经度训练指强度相对较低的训练，如：慢跑、练习、轻量训练。这个阶段的运动主要用于运动员从高强度的训练或者受伤之后的恢复练习，或者是重要赛事前的热身准备。
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| Medium phases are less commonly used, but are sometimes placed between light and heavy training phases. |
中度训练很少被使用，但有时用在轻度和高强度两种训练间过渡。 |
| Heavy training phases may include heavy weights, full speed sprinting or hard endurance sessions such as 10 sets of 400-meter sprints with 2 minutes rest. Heavy phases are designed to increase strengh or endurance, depending on the athlete's sport. |
高强度的训练包括负重训练、全速跑步、高耐力训练等。如：十组400米速跑（每组间休息2分钟）。高强度训练旨在提高运动员的力量和忍耐力，这由运动员的体育项目决定。 |
| Coaches also monitor their athlete's technique. |
教练也会对运动员的技术方面进行监督。 |
| Technique is developed by imitation from videos or the coach's creat an optimal body position and movement allowing efficient use of strength. |
通过摹仿录像或者教练的指导提高运动员的技术水平，以便让运动员通过最佳的身体 姿势和动作有效地运用力量。 |
| Knowledge of biomechanics is essential for the best level of technical instruction. Coaches need to be aware of the biomechanics of torque which is the power developed from twisting movements. |
了解生物力学对于如何指导运动员提高水平是非常重要的。教练需要认识到扭力距的生物力学原理，并借助扭转的动作产生力量。 |
| Biomechanics knowledge also includes leverage and an understanding of muscle's ability to store and release energy. |
生物力学原理还包括平衡和对肌肉储藏和释放能量的理解。 |
| Applying this knowledge to the instruction of technique is crucial to the development of athletes to elite levels. |
将这种知道运用到技术指导方面至关重要，它可以帮助运动员达到世界一流水平。 |
| Current video analysis methods are allowing expert coaches to develop an understanding of techniques better than ever before. |
目前所使用的录像分析方法使体育教练比以往更深入地理解技术。
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